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1.
O.F.I.L ; 33(2)Abril-Junio 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223832

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad del uso de un protocolo de vitamina C, tiamina e hidrocortisona en shock séptico a las dosis empleadas en el estudio Marik. Método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo antes-después que compara dos grupos de pacientes con shock séptico: grupo tratamiento (GT), tratado con el protocolo, desde enero 2019 a mayo 2020, frente a un grupo control (GC) en un periodo previo. Los objetivos principales fueron la supervivencia a los 14 y a los 28 días. Resultados: Se incluyeron 91 pacientes, 44 en GC y 47 en GT. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la supervivencia a los 14 ni a los 28 días ni en la duración de estancia hospitalaria ni en la Unidad de Reanimación (REA) (p>0,05). La variación de los valores de creatinina entre los días 1 y 4 presentó una mediana de -0,04 (RIC -0,24;0,8) en el GC frente a -0,3 del GT (RIC -0,079;-0,03), p<0,05. Los valores de procalcitonina descendieron en el 27,3% de los pacientes del GC frente al 91,5% del GT (p<0,05). La necesidad de soporte vasoactivo con noradrenalina fue del 93% GC vs 76,6% GT en el día 2; 75% GC vs 55,3% GT en el día 3; 50% GC vs 27,7% GT en el día 4 (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Los datos de nuestro estudio muestran un beneficio limitado del uso del protocolo en pacientes con shock séptico, pero son necesarios estudios de mayor reclutamiento con un diseño prospectivo randomizado para asegurar el beneficio real y/o dosis óptimas. (AU)


Objective: To determine the effectiveness of using a protocol of vitamin C, thiamine and hydrocortisone for the treatment of septic shock at the doses used in the Marik study. Methods: Retrospective observational before-after study comparing two groups of patients with septic shock: treatment group (GT), treated with the protocol, between January 2019 and May 2020, versus a control group (GC) in a previous period. The primary outcomes were 14-Day and 28-Day Survival. Results: 91 patients were included, 44 in GC and 47 in GT. No statistically significant differences were found in 14-day and 28-day survival, in length of hospital or Resuscitation Unit (REA) stay (p>0.05). The median creatinine variation between days 1 and 4 was -0.04 (IQR -0.24;0.8) in the GC vs -0.3 in the GT (IQR -0.079; -0.03) (p<0.05). Procalcitonin values decreased in 27.3% of GC versus 91.5% of GT (p<0.05). The need for vasoactive drugs (noradrenaline) was 93% in GC vs 76.6% GT on day 2; 75% GC vs 55.3% GT on day 3; 50% GC vs 27.7% GT on day 4 (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results show a limited benefit of the use of the protocol in patients with septic shock, but larger recruitment studies with a prospective randomized design are needed to ensure real benefit and/or optimal doses. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pacientes , Choque Séptico , Hidrocortisona , Tiamina , Ácido Ascórbico , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
O.F.I.L ; 33(1)2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-220697

RESUMO

Introducción: El objetivo principal del estudio fue evaluar la necesidad de ajuste posológico de ceftriaxona en pacientes críticos hipoproteinémicos. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional y retrospectivo, llevado a cabo en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) del Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real (médico-quirúrgica de 21 camas), en el que se incluyeron pacientes tratados con ceftriaxona en la UCI desde enero de 2014 a diciembre de 2019 y se clasificaron en dos grupos al inicio del tratamiento: pacientes normoproteinémicos (proteínas totales >5,5g/dl) e hipoproteinémicos (proteínas totales ≤5,5g/dl).Variables principales: Edad, sexo, APACHE II, diagnóstico-localización del foco infeccioso, estancia en UCI, dosis de ceftriaxona, pauta posológica, tratamiento antibiótico concomitante, empírico o dirigido, necesidad de cambio de tratamiento, días de antibioterapia y mortalidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron 98 pacientes (44 normoproteinémicos y 54 hipoproteinémicos). No se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las características basales de ambos grupos, exceptuando la localización del foco, siendo respiratorio con mayor frecuencia en el grupo de pacientes normoproteinémicos (p=0,044). Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas a favor del grupo de pacientes normoproteinémicos para: estancia en UCI (p=0,001), necesidad de cambio de tratamiento antibiótico (p=0,004), días de antibioterapia (p=0,007) y mortalidad (p=0,046). Conclusión: Los resultados terapéuticos obtenidos en el grupo de pacientes críticos hipoproteinémicos tratados con ceftriaxona ponen en evidencia la necesidad de considerar la hipoproteinemia como un factor que podría condicionar dicho resultado si se emplean las pautas posológicas de tratamiento habituales. (AU)


Introduction: The main objective of the study was to evaluate the need for posologic adjustment of ceftriaxone in critical hypoproteinemic patients. Patients and methods: Observational and retrospective study, carried out in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the General University Hospital of Ciudad Real (21-bed medical-surgical), which included patients treated with ceftriaxone in the ICU from January 2014 to December 2019 and classified into two groups at the beginning of treatment: normoproteinemic (total proteins >5.5 g/dl) and hypoproteinemic (total proteins ≤5.5g/dl) patients.Main variables: Age, sex, APACHE II, diagnosis-location of the infectious site, ICU stay, ceftriaxone dose, dosage regimen, concomitant antibiotic treatment, empirical or targeted antibiotic treatment, need to change treatment, days of antibiotic therapy and mortality. Results: 98 patients were included (44 normoproteinemics and 54 hypoproteinemics).No statistically significant differences were obtained between the basal characteristics of both groups, except for the location of the infectious site, being respiratory more frequently in the group of normoproteinemic patients (p=0.044).Statistically significant differences were obtained in favour of the group of normoproteinemic patients for: stay in ICU (p=0.001), need for change of antibiotic treatment (p=0.004), days of antibiotherapy (p=0.007) and mortality (p=0.046). Conclusion: The therapeutic results obtained in the group of critical hypoproteinemic patients treated with ceftriaxone show the need to consider hypoproteinemia as a factor that could condition such result if the usual treatment dosage guidelines are used.


Assuntos
Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Ceftriaxona/administração & dosagem , Ceftriaxona/uso terapêutico , Hipoproteinemia/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Dosagem , 34628 , Farmacocinética , Espanha
3.
O.F.I.L ; 31(2)2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222572

RESUMO

Introducción: En 2017 se iniciaron los problemas de suministro nacional de piperacilina/tazobactam, pero fue en 2018 cuando nuestro centro sufrió problemas graves de escasez. El objetivo es conocer el impacto de la evaluación de indicación de piperacilina-tazobactam en el marco del Programa de Asesoramiento de Antimicrobianos (PASA) durante el periodo de desabastecimiento de 2018.Material y métodos: Se analizaron de manera prospectiva las intervenciones efectuadas por el PASA. Se recogieron variables demográficas, clínicas, antibioterapia previa, antecedentes, recomendación realizada, aceptación, curación, mortalidad atribuible a la infección y mortalidad bruta a 30 días. Asimismo, se evaluó el impacto en consumo y coste de piperacilina-tazobactam y carbapenémicos. Se compararon los casos que evolucionaron a la curación clínica y la mortalidad, entre los pacientes cuyos facultativos aceptaron o rechazaron la recomendación de modificación.Resultados: Se realizaron 181 recomendaciones (126 pacientes), el tratamiento fue adecuado en el 53,6%, 28,2% desescalada, 8,8% suspensión, 5,5% ajuste posológico y 2,2% escalada. Aceptación global 91,6%. Los antibióticos más recomendados fueron cefalosporinas acompañadas o no de anaerobicida (60%).La curación clínica fue del 85%, la mortalidad bruta 21% y la atribuible 8,7%. No se encontraron diferencias en curación clínica (p=0,068) y mortalidad (p=0,68) entre los que aceptaron y rechazaron las recomendaciones. El consumo se redujo un 58,6%, con un ahorro estimado de 204.299 euros. El consumo de carbapenémicos aumentó un 6,1%.Conclusión: La intervención del PASA sobre la prescripción de piperacilina-tazobactam ha sido mayoritariamente aceptada, eficiente, neutra en los resultados clínicos y ha evitado el desplazamiento a carbapenémicos. (AU)


Introduction: The national supply problems of piperacillin/tazobactam began in 2017, but it was in 2018 when our center suffered severe shortage problems. The objective is to know the impact of the evaluation of the indication of piperacillin-tazobactam in the framework of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) during the shortage period of 2018.Methods: The interventions carried out by the ASP were analyzed prospectively. Were collected: demographic and clinical variables, previous antibiotherapy, background, recommendation made, acceptance, cure, mortality attributable to the infection and gross mortality at 30 days. Likewise, the impact on consumption and cost of piperacillin-tazobactam and carbapenems was evaluated. We compared the cases that evolved to clinical cure and mortality, among patients whose physicians accepted or rejected the recommendation for modification.Results: 181 recommendations were made (126 patients), the treatment was adequate in 53.6%, 28.2% de-escalation, 8.8% suspension, 5.5% dose adjustment and 2.2% escalation. Overall acceptance was 91.6%. The most recommended antibiotics were cephalosporins with or without anaerobicide (60%).The clinical cure was 85%, the gross mortality 21% and the attributable 8.7%. No differences were found in clinical cure (p=0.068) and mortality (p=0.68) among those who accepted and rejected the recommendations. The consumption of piperacillin-tazobactam was reduced by 58.6%, with an estimated saving of 204,299 euros. The consumption of carbapenems was increased by 6.1%.Conclusion: ASP intervention on the prescription of piperacillin-tazobactam has been mostly accepted, efficient, neutral in clinical outcomes and has prevented displacement to carbapenems. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Interrupção de Serviços e de Abastecimento , Combinação Piperacilina e Tazobactam/análogos & derivados , Doenças Transmissíveis/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Transmissíveis/terapia , Antibacterianos
4.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 42(9): 534-540, dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-180536

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la incorporación de un farmacéutico de hospital a la actividad habitual de una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). DISEÑO: Estudio observacional prospectivo para evaluar las intervenciones farmacéuticas, realizadas por un farmacéutico adscrito temporalmente a una UCI, sobre las prescripciones médicas. Ámbito: UCI médico-quirúrgica con 21 camas. PACIENTES: Se incluyeron los pacientes con al menos una estancia en UCI y se excluyeron los pacientes con ingreso y alta en periodos en los que no se contó con la presencia física del farmacéutico. INTERVENCIONES: Se realizaban tras la revisión diaria de las prescripciones y se comunicaban de forma verbal o escrita al médico responsable. Variables principales: Intervenciones realizadas, grupo terapéutico de los medicamentos implicados, forma de realización de la intervención y el grado de aceptación. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron 194 intervenciones en 62 pacientes. La mayoría estaban relacionadas con aspectos de seguridad (33%) y optimización de la terapia (32%). Las más frecuentes se dirigieron a la administración de medicamentos por sonda nasogástrica (19%) y a la monitorización farmacocinética (14,4%). Los grupos de medicamentos más implicados fueron los antiinfecciosos en un 33% de los casos y los del aparato digestivo en un 27%. El 56,2% de las intervenciones se realizaron verbalmente y el 80% fueron aceptadas. CONCLUSIONES: La adscripción de un farmacéutico a una UCI y la realización de intervenciones sobre las prescripciones han permitido mejorar la seguridad y optimizar la farmacoterapia en más de la mitad de los pacientes. La alta tasa de aceptación de las mismas apoyaría la implementación de este tipo de programas en las unidades de críticos


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate incorporation of the hospital pharmacist to the routine activity of an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). DESIGN: A prospective observational study was carried out to evaluate the impact of pharmacist interventions, made by a pharmacist temporarily assigned to the ICU, upon medical prescriptions. SETTING: A medical and surgical ICU with 21 beds. PATIENTS: Patients with at least one ICU stay were included, while patients with admission and discharge in periods when the pharmacist was not present were excluded. INTERVENTIONS: The interventions were made after daily review of the prescriptions, and were communicated verbally or in writing to the supervising physician. MAIN VARIABLES: Number of interventions, therapeutic group of the drugs involved, type of intervention and degree of acceptance. RESULTS: A total of 194 interventions were made in 62 patients. The majority were related to safety aspects (33%) and the optimization of therapy (32%). The most frequent interventions were the administration of drugs via the nasogastric tube (19%) and pharmacokinetic monitoring (14.4%). The most frequently involved groups of drugs were anti-infectious agents (33%) and digestive system medications (27%). A total of 56.2% of the interventions were made verbally, and 80% were accepted. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacist adscription to an ICU and the implementation of interventions on prescriptions have allowed improvement of safety and the optimization of pharmacotherapy in more than 50% of the patients. The high rate of acceptance of these interventions would support the implementation of such programs in critical care units


Assuntos
Humanos , Farmácia , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Tratamento Farmacológico/métodos , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar/organização & administração , Segurança do Paciente , Estudos Prospectivos , Vigilância Sanitária
5.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 42(9): 534-540, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29605582

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate incorporation of the hospital pharmacist to the routine activity of an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). DESIGN: A prospective observational study was carried out to evaluate the impact of pharmacist interventions, made by a pharmacist temporarily assigned to the ICU, upon medical prescriptions. SETTING: A medical and surgical ICU with 21 beds. PATIENTS: Patients with at least one ICU stay were included, while patients with admission and discharge in periods when the pharmacist was not present were excluded. INTERVENTIONS: The interventions were made after daily review of the prescriptions, and were communicated verbally or in writing to the supervising physician. MAIN VARIABLES: Number of interventions, therapeutic group of the drugs involved, type of intervention and degree of acceptance. RESULTS: A total of 194 interventions were made in 62 patients. The majority were related to safety aspects (33%) and the optimization of therapy (32%). The most frequent interventions were the administration of drugs via the nasogastric tube (19%) and pharmacokinetic monitoring (14.4%). The most frequently involved groups of drugs were anti-infectious agents (33%) and digestive system medications (27%). A total of 56.2% of the interventions were made verbally, and 80% were accepted. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacist adscription to an ICU and the implementation of interventions on prescriptions have allowed improvement of safety and the optimization of pharmacotherapy in more than 50% of the patients. The high rate of acceptance of these interventions would support the implementation of such programs in critical care units.


Assuntos
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Farmacêuticos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Comportamento Cooperativo , Monitoramento de Medicamentos , Tratamento Farmacológico , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários/organização & administração , Humanos , Relações Interprofissionais , Intubação Gastrointestinal , Masculino , Erros de Medicação/prevenção & controle , Reconciliação de Medicamentos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Segurança do Paciente , Prescrições , Papel (figurativo) , Centros de Atenção Terciária/organização & administração , Adulto Jovem
8.
Nutr Hosp ; 26(5): 1041-4, 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22072350

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the usefulness of establishing a routine gravimetric as quality assurance after the development of parenteral nutrition (PN) with a gravimetric error less than ± 5%. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study in which 5 to 8 large volume PN were weighed daily during 2 months and for 4 months all small volume PN, considering this the real weight. The theoretical weight was calculated taking into account the densities, volumes of all products used in processing and the weight of the bags used. The gravimetric error was calculated as a percentage compared to the theoretical weight. RESULTS: 168 large volume PN and 42 small volume were weighed, gravimetric errors measures were 1.42% (SD=1.31) and 1.26% (SD=0.64), with a gravimetric error less than 5% in 98,8% and 100% respectively. CONCLUSION: Establishing a routine gravimetric control is an useful strategy that can help to guarantee the quality of the PN development.


Assuntos
Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Pesos e Medidas/normas , Embalagem de Medicamentos , Alimentos Formulados/análise , Humanos , Nutrição Parenteral/normas , Estudos Prospectivos
9.
Nutr. hosp ; 26(5): 1041-1044, sept.-oct. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-93448

RESUMO

Objetivo: Valorar la utilidad de un control gravimétrico rutinario como control de calidad tras la elaboración de nutriciones parenterales (NP) con un error gravimétrico inferior al ± 5%. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, en el que durante 2 meses se pesaron diariamente de 5 a 8 NP de gran volumen y durante 4 meses todas las NP de pequeño volumen, considerándose este valor el peso real. El peso teórico se calculó teniendo en cuenta las densidades, los volúmenes de todos los productos utilizados en la elaboración y el peso de las bolsas multicapas utilizadas. El error gravimétrico se calculó en porcentaje con respecto al peso teórico. Resultados: Se pesaron 168 NP de gran volumen y 42 de pequeño volumen, las medias de los errores gravimétricos fueron 1,42% (SD = 1,31) y 1,26% (SD = 0,64), con un error gravimétrico inferior al 5% en el 98,8% y 100% respectivamente. Conclusión: Establecer un control gravimétrico rutinario es una estrategia útil que puede ayudar a garantizar la calidad de la elaboración de NP (AU)


Objective: To assess the usefulness of establishing a routine gravimetric as quality assurance after the development of parenteral nutrition (PN) with a gravimetric error less than ± 5%. Material and methods: Prospective study in which 5 to 8 large volume PN were weighed daily during 2 months and for 4 months all small volume PN, considering this the real weight. The theoretical weight was calculated taking into account the densities, volumes of all products used in processing and the weight of the bags used. The gravimetric error was calculated as a percentage compared to the theoretical weight. Results: 168 large volume PN and 42 small volume were weighed, gravimetric errors measures were 1,42% (SD = 1,31) and 1,26% (SD = 0,64), with a gravimetric error less than 5% in 98,8% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: Establishing a routine gravimetric control is an useful strategy that can help to guarantee the quality of the PN development (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Nutrição Parenteral/normas , Gravimetria/métodos , Soluções de Nutrição Parenteral/normas , Controle de Qualidade , Estudos Prospectivos , Erros de Medicação/prevenção & controle , Qualidade dos Alimentos , 51590
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